TMJ - Temporomandibular joint disorders

Temporomandibular joint disorders is a term used to refer to a variety of problems connected to the jawbone and the jaw joint, including dysfunction and pain. The jaw joint is also called the temporomandibular joint or TMJ. Joints are a crucial part of the body that enables flexibility and smooth movement of the bones and muscles.

The symptoms of TMJ disorders can vary depending on the case, but usually include pain in the joint and around it (in front of the ear, in the cheek, in the ear or temple), difficulty moving it, a sensation of stiffness and trouble opening or closing the mouth, noises and clicking sounds heard while chewing, sensitivity to noise.

TMJ disorders are relatively frequent, but only 5% of the sufferers will address a doctor about the problem. TMJ disorders can be divided into two groups: disorders originating from the muscle surrounding the jaw joint, which is more common in younger patients and problems with the joint itself, which affects people of older age.

It is unclear, what exactly causes TMJ disorders, but some factors are thought to increase the risk of developing the condition, including overworking the jaw muscles, increased sensitivity to pain in the jaw muscles, stress, arthritis and wearing off of the joint.

The symptoms of TMJ disorders can usually be alleviated by resting the joint of the jaw, reducing stress and tension in the muscles, painkillers, physiotherapy and, in extreme cases, surgery.